过去分词可以：1.作定语；2.作表语；3.作宾补；4.作状语。

过去分词作定语

English is a widely used language.

This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。

过去分词作表语

1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。

2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。

① The glass is broken.

   The glass was broken by Tom.

② The windows are closed.

   The windows are closed by Jack.

3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。

① How did the audience receive the new play?

   They got very excited.

② How did Bob do in the exams this time?

   Well, his father seems pleased with his results.

③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.

④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.

过去分词作宾补

1. 从时间上：表动作已经完成。

 come, go, fall, change(表位移,变化的不及物动词)

 I found the countryside changed a lot.

2. 从语态上:表被动.

 I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.

使用过去分词作宾补的情况

1.表“希望，要求”的动词： want,  wish,  expect,  wish,  like,  order+ object + (to be) done

I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.

Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.

2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find, think+ object + p.p.

We saw the thief caught by the police.

People found the water polluted.

3.使役动词

make, get, have, keep

I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.

= I want to get the barber to cut my hair.

= I want to let the barber cut my hair.

4.在with以及without结构中做宾补：with, without + n. + p.p.

Do you know the man with his hands tied back?

They left without a dish touched.

过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。

a、表示时间

Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.

（=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.）

b、表示条件

Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.

（=If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.）

c、表示原因

Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.

（=As they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. ）

d、表示伴随情况

She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.

（=She walked out of the house, and was followed by her little daughter. ）

e、表示让步

Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.

（=Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. ）